-
1 join
1. transitive verb1) (put together, connect) verbinden (to mit)join two things [together] — zwei Dinge miteinander verbinden; zwei Dinge zusammenfügen
join hands — sich (Dat.) die Hände reichen
2) (come into company of) sich gesellen zu; sich zugesellen (+ Dat.); (meet) treffen; (come with) mitkommen mit; sich anschließen (+ Dat.)may I join you — (at table) kann ich mich zu euch setzen?
would you like to join me in a drink? — hast du Lust, ein Glas mit mir zu trinken?
3) (become member of) eintreten in (+ Akk.) [Armee, Firma, Orden, Verein, Partei]; beitreten (+ Dat.) [Verein, Partei, Orden]4) (take one's place in) sich einreihen in (+ Akk.) [Umzug, Demonstrationszug]5) [Fluss, Straße:] münden in (+ Akk.)2. intransitive verb1) (come together) [Flüsse:] sich vereinigen, zusammenfließen; [Straßen:] sich vereinigen, zusammenlaufen; [Grundstücke:] aneinander grenzen, aneinander stoßen3. nounVerbindung, die; (line) Nahtstelle, diePhrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/88444/join_in">join in- join up* * *[‹oin] 1. verb1) ((often with up, on etc) to put together or connect: The electrician joined the wires (up) wrongly; You must join this piece (on) to that piece; He joined the two stories together to make a play; The island is joined to the mainland by a sandbank at low tide.) verbinden4) ((sometimes with up) to meet and come together (with): This lane joins the main road; Do you know where the two rivers join?; They joined up with us for the remainder of the holiday.) treffen5) (to come into the company of: I'll join you later in the restaurant.) treffen2. noun(a place where two things are joined: You can hardly see the joins in the material.) die Verbindung- join forces- join hands
- join in
- join up* * *[ʤɔɪn]I. vt1. (connect)▪ to \join sth [to sth] etw [mit etw dat] verbinden [o zusammenfügen]; battery etw [an etw dat] anschließen; (add) etw [an etw akk] anfügenthe River Neckar \joins the Rhine at Mannheim der Neckar mündet bei Mannheim in den Rhein ein▪ to \join sth together etw zusammenfügen [o miteinander verbinden2. (offer company)would you like to \join us for supper? möchtest du mit uns zu Abend essen?do you mind if I \join you? darf ich mich zu Ihnen setzen?3. (enrol)to \join the army Soldat werdento \join the ranks of the unemployed sich akk in das Heer der Arbeitslosen einreihen4. (participate)let's \join the dancing lass uns mittanzen5. (support)▪ to \join sb in [doing] sth jdm bei [o in] etw dat [o der Ausführung einer S. gen] zur Seite stehen, sich akk jdm [bei der Ausführung einer S. gen] anschließenI'm sure everyone will \join me in wishing you a very happy birthday es schließen sich sicher alle meinen Glückwünschen zu Ihrem Geburtstag an6. (cooperate)7. (board)to \join a plane/train in ein Flugzeug/einen Zug zusteigen8.II. vi1. (connect)2. (cooperate)▪ to \join with sb in doing sth sich akk mit jdm dat zusammenschließen [o zusammentun], um etw zu tun3. (enrol) beitreten, Mitglied werden4. (marry)to \join [together] in marriage [or ( form) holy matrimony] sich akk ehelich [miteinander] verbinden geh, in den heiligen Bund der Ehe treten gehIII. n* * *[dZɔɪn]1. vtto join battle (with the enemy) — den Kampf mit dem Feind aufnehmen
to join hands (lit, fig) — sich (dat) or einander die Hände reichen
they are joined at the hip (fig inf) — sie sind völlig unzertrennlich, sie hängen wie Kletten aneinander (inf)
2) (= become member of) army gehen zu; one's regiment sich anschließen (+dat), sich begeben zu; NATO, the EU beitreten (+dat); political party, club beitreten (+dat), Mitglied werden von or bei or in (+dat), eintreten in (+acc); religious order eintreten in (+acc), beitreten (+dat); university (as student) anfangen an (+dat); (as staff) firm anfangen bei; group of people, procession sich anschließen (+dat)he has been ordered to join his ship at Liverpool — er hat Order bekommen, sich in Liverpool auf seinem Schiff einzufinden or zu seinem Schiff zu begeben
Dr Morris will be joining us for a year as guest professor — Dr. Morris wird ein Jahr bei uns Gastprofessor sein
3)I joined him at the station — wir trafen uns am Bahnhof, ich traf mich mit ihm am Bahnhof
I'll join you in five minutes — ich bin in fünf Minuten bei Ihnen
will you join us? — machen Sie mit?, sind Sie dabei?
do join us for lunch — wollen Sie nicht mit uns essen?
Paul joins me in wishing you... — Paul schließt sich meinen Wünschen für... an
they joined us in singing... — sie sangen mit uns zusammen...
Moscow has joined Washington in condemning these actions — Moskau hat sich Washington angeschlossen und diese Handlungen verurteilt
4) (river) another river, the sea einmünden or fließen in (+acc); (road) another road (ein)münden in (+acc)his estates join ours — seine Ländereien grenzen an unsere (an)
2. vi1) ( two parts) (= be attached) (miteinander) verbunden sein; (= be attachable) sich (miteinander) verbinden lassen; (= grow together) zusammenwachsen; (= meet, be adjacent) zusammenstoßen, zusammentreffen; (estates) aneinander (an)grenzen; (rivers) zusammenfließen, sich vereinigen; (roads) sich treffenlet us all join together in the Lord's Prayer he joins with me in wishing you... — wir wollen alle zusammen das Vaterunser beten er schließt sich meinen Wünschen für... an
Moscow and Washington have joined in condemning these actions —
they all joined together to get her a present — sie taten sich alle zusammen, um ihr ein Geschenk zu kaufen
2) (club member) beitreten, Mitglied werden3. nNaht(stelle) f; (in pipe, knitting) Verbindungsstelle f* * *join [dʒɔın]A v/tto, on to mit):a) die Hände falten,b) sich die Hand oder Hände reichen,with mit)with, to mit):join in friendship freundschaftlich verbinden;they are joined in marriage sie sind ehelich (miteinander) verbunden3. fig verbinden, verein(ig)en:I’ll join you later ich komme später nach;I was joined by Mary Mary schloss sich mir an;join sb in (doing) sth etwas zusammen mit jemandem tun;join sb in a walk (gemeinsam) mit jemandem einen Spaziergang machen, sich jemandem auf einem Spaziergang anschließen;thanks for joining us ( RADIO, TV) danke für Ihr Interesse;join the circus zum Zirkus gehen;join one’s regiment zu seinem Regiment stoßen;5. eintreten in (akk):a) einem Klub, einer Partei etc beitretenb) anfangen bei einer Firma etc:b) sich einlassen auf (akk), den Kampf aufnehmen:join an action JUR einem Prozess beitreten;7. sich vereinigen mit, zusammenkommen mit, (ein)münden in (akk) (Fluss, Straße)9. (an)grenzen an (akk)B v/i2. join ina) teilnehmen, sich beteiligen, mitmachen, sich anschließen, einstimmen:join in, everybody! alle mitmachen oder mitsingen!b) → A 6 a:join in the laughter in das Gelächter einstimmen;join with sb in (doing) sth etwas zusammen mit jemandem tun3. sich vereinigen, zusammenkommen (Straßen), (Flüsse auch) zusammenfließen4. aneinandergrenzen, sich berühren5. join up Soldat werdenC s Verbindungsstelle f, -linie f, Naht f, Fuge f* * *1. transitive verb1) (put together, connect) verbinden (to mit)join two things [together] — zwei Dinge miteinander verbinden; zwei Dinge zusammenfügen
join hands — sich (Dat.) die Hände reichen
2) (come into company of) sich gesellen zu; sich zugesellen (+ Dat.); (meet) treffen; (come with) mitkommen mit; sich anschließen (+ Dat.)may I join you — (at table) kann ich mich zu euch setzen?
would you like to join me in a drink? — hast du Lust, ein Glas mit mir zu trinken?
3) (become member of) eintreten in (+ Akk.) [Armee, Firma, Orden, Verein, Partei]; beitreten (+ Dat.) [Verein, Partei, Orden]4) (take one's place in) sich einreihen in (+ Akk.) [Umzug, Demonstrationszug]5) [Fluss, Straße:] münden in (+ Akk.)2. intransitive verb1) (come together) [Flüsse:] sich vereinigen, zusammenfließen; [Straßen:] sich vereinigen, zusammenlaufen; [Grundstücke:] aneinander grenzen, aneinander stoßen2) (take part)3. nounVerbindung, die; (line) Nahtstelle, diePhrasal Verbs:- join in- join up* * *(take) issue with someone expr.sich mit jemandem auf einen Streit einlassen ausdr. v.anfügen v.kombinieren v.verbinden v. -
2 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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